301 research outputs found
A note on dominating cycles in 2-connected graphs
Let G be a 2-connected graph on n vertices such that d(x) + d(y) + d(z) n for all triples of independent vertices x, y, z. We prove that every longest cycle in G is a dominating cycle unless G is a spanning subgraph of a graph belonging to one of four easily specified classes of graphs
Qualitative Research on Youthsβ Social Media Use: A review of the literature
In this article we explore how educational researchers report empirical qualitative research about young peopleβs social media use. We frame the overall study with an understanding that social media sites contribute to the production of neoliberal subjects, and we draw on Foucauldian discourse theories and the understanding that how researchers explain topics and concepts produces particular ways of thinking about the world while excluding others. Findings include that 1) there is an absence of attention to the structure and function of social media platforms; 2) adolescents are positioned in problematic, developmental ways, and 3) the over-representation of girls and young women in these studies contributes to the feminization of problems on social media. We conclude by calling for future research that can serve as a robust resource for exploring adolescentsβ social media use in more productive, nuanced ways
Polynomial algorithms that prove an NP-hard hypothesis implies an NP-hard conclusion
A number of results in Hamiltonian graph theory are of the form implies , where is a property of graphs that is NP-hard and is a cycle structure property of graphs that is also NP-hard. Such a theorem is the well-known Chv\'{a}tal-Erd\"{o}s Theorem, which states that every graph with is Hamiltonian. Here is the vertex connectivity of and is the cardinality of a largest set of independent vertices of . In another paper Chv\'{a}tal points out that the proof of this result is in fact a polynomial time construction that either produces a Hamilton cycle or a set of more than independent vertices. In this note we point out that other theorems in Hamiltonian graph theory have a similar character. In particular, we present a constructive proof of the well-known theorem of Jung for graphs on or more vertices.. \u
Degree Sequences and the Existence of -Factors
We consider sufficient conditions for a degree sequence to be forcibly
-factor graphical. We note that previous work on degrees and factors has
focused primarily on finding conditions for a degree sequence to be potentially
-factor graphical.
We first give a theorem for to be forcibly 1-factor graphical and, more
generally, forcibly graphical with deficiency at most . These
theorems are equal in strength to Chv\'atal's well-known hamiltonian theorem,
i.e., the best monotone degree condition for hamiltonicity. We then give an
equally strong theorem for to be forcibly 2-factor graphical.
Unfortunately, the number of nonredundant conditions that must be checked
increases significantly in moving from to , and we conjecture that
the number of nonredundant conditions in a best monotone theorem for a
-factor will increase superpolynomially in .
This suggests the desirability of finding a theorem for to be forcibly
-factor graphical whose algorithmic complexity grows more slowly. In the
final section, we present such a theorem for any , based on Tutte's
well-known factor theorem. While this theorem is not best monotone, we show
that it is nevertheless tight in a precise way, and give examples illustrating
this tightness.Comment: 19 page
Orienting Graphs to Optimize Reachability
The paper focuses on two problems: (i) how to orient the edges of an
undirected graph in order to maximize the number of ordered vertex pairs (x,y)
such that there is a directed path from x to y, and (ii) how to orient the
edges so as to minimize the number of such pairs. The paper describes a
quadratic-time algorithm for the first problem, and a proof that the second
problem is NP-hard to approximate within some constant 1+epsilon > 1. The
latter proof also shows that the second problem is equivalent to
``comparability graph completion''; neither problem was previously known to be
NP-hard
Best monotone degree conditions for binding number
AbstractWe give sufficient conditions on the vertex degrees of a graphΒ G to guarantee thatΒ G has binding number at leastΒ b, for any given b>0. Our conditions are best possible in exactly the same way that ChvΓ‘talβs well-known degree condition to guarantee a graph is Hamiltonian is best possible
A Survey of Best Monotone Degree Conditions for Graph Properties
We survey sufficient degree conditions, for a variety of graph properties,
that are best possible in the same sense that Chvatal's well-known degree
condition for hamiltonicity is best possible.Comment: 25 page
ΠΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° (Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ»ΡΠ°ΠΉ)
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΠ»ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΠ»ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊ.This work is a project of engineering and geological surveys for the reconstruction of the airport terminal complex Gorno-Altaysk. The purpose of the design is to study the engineering and geological conditions of the site and develop a project of engineering and geological surveys for the reconstruction of the airport terminal complex Gorno-Altaysk
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